Excavator and scraper



M. COLLINS.

EXCAVATOR AND SCRAPER.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 6, 1921.

1,41 ,2 3, Patented MaylG, 1922.

'3 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

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M. COLLINS.

EXGAVATOR AND SCRAPER. APPLICATION men JUNE 6, 1921.

Patented May 16, 1922.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

M. COLLINSL EXCAVATOR AND SCRAPER'.

' APPLICATION FILED, JUNE 6,.1921.

Patented May 16,1922.

3 SHEETSSHEET 3.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

MICHAEL COLLINS, 0F FORT WORTH, TEXAS.

' EXGAVATOR. SCRAPERAC To allwhomz'tmay concern:

Be it known that I, MICHAEL COLLINS, a citizen of the United States,residing at Fort Worth, in the county of Tarrant and State of Texas,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Excavators andScrapers, of which the'following is a specification.

This invention relates to new and useful improvements in excavators andscrapers.

The object of the invention is to provide a device of the. characterdescribed in which a scraping and excavating pan is arranged to beelevated and employed as a receptacle to transport the earth which hasbeen removed. A further object is to provide a pan which will removeearth over a wide area, but which'will require but .a minimumdisplacement of said earth to load the pan. A further feature of theinvention is to provide means for elevating and swinging the pan wherebyit becomes a receptacle for transporting the load and at the same timemay be easily dumped by .a simple swinging movement. I

An advantage resulting from the invention is simplicity of constructionand ease of control. Also the work may be done much more expeditiouslybecause it is not necessary to excavate or scrape the dirt and thentransfer it to a wagon or other conveyance. When the pan is full it iselevated and transported to the dump.

A construction designed to carry out the invention will be hereinafterdescribed together with other features of the invention.

The invention will be more readily understood for a reading of thefollowing specification and by reference to the accompanying drawings,in which an example of the invention is shown and wherein:

Fig. 1 is a side elevation of a machine c0nstructed in accordance withmy invention,

' Fig. 2 is .a plan view of the same,

Fig. 3 is a side elevation showing the pan elevated or transporting theload and indieating in dotted lines, its dumping position, Fig. 4 is adetail of the elevating lever, Fig. 5 is a detail of the retaining andreleasing lever,

Fig. 6 is a cross sectional detail of the elevating chains and pulley,and

Fig. 7 is a side elevation of a modified form.

In the drawings the numeral 10 designates Specification of LettersPatent.v Patented M 16 1 922 Application filed June 6,

1921. Serial No. 475,509.

and supported on an axle 12 which is mounted in ground wheels 13. It isto be understood that the frame 10 may be of any approved constructionand may be varied in accordance with the desires of the manufacturers.On the front of the frame a platform 14 is mounted and a seat 15 isdisposed above the platform.

A recta "gular swinging frame 16 is provided at its central portion withrearwardly projecting lugs 17 having reduced fingers 18 engagin on thestuds 19 projecting from the sides 0 the rear portion ofthe frame. Thefingers are shouldered and with the studs form hinged joints on whichthe frame 16 may swing and also undergo a radial movement. The frame 16is enlongated transversely of the machine and its length depends uponthe capacity of the machine.

A supporting frame is composed of angular whereby they are held inposition. The I rearwardly directed angular portions of the arms passunder the front edge of the frame 16 and have their rear ends disposedinwardly of ears 22 depending from the frame 16. A receptacle or pan 23is disposed within the supporting frame and the swinging frame and isprovided with trunnions 24 pivoted in the rear ends of the arms 20 andthe ears 22. This pan is comparatively shallow from front to rear but isgiven considerable length transversely of the machine, so that its frontedge will operate over a comparatively wide area of surface. By makingthe pan shallow and wide it will be seen that in loading it the earth ordirt 'will only have to be displaced rearwardly a comparatively shortdistance thus making for an expeditious loading and a reduction inlabor. I

Supporting chains or other connections 25 have their lower endsconnected with the front of the frame 16, and their upper endsdetachably connected with. books 26 on the frame 10. These chains serveto limit the i Fig. 3.

ward swing of the pan. By adjusting the chains the limit of the downwarddisplacement of the pan may be controlled.

For elevating the part a' pair of chains or other flexible connectio s27 have their upper ends fastened to t e inner sides of the frame 10 asis best shown in Figs. 2 and 6. These chains pass downwardly and aroundconcaved rollers 28 journaledin the front of the frame 16. From therollers 28 the chains 27 passfupwardly and over pulleys 29 mounted onthe outer sides of the frame 10. Said chains pass rearwardly and arewound about drums 30 fastened on a transverse shaft 31 mounted in theupper rear portion of the frame 10. It will be seen that by rotating theshaft 31 the chains 27 are either wound or unwound from the drums 30,and the frame 16 and supporting frame either elevated or lowered,whereby the pan 23 is raised or lowered.

The pan 23 is pivoted so that its forward portion is overbalanced andmust be supported. For supporting the pan lugs 32 are provided at itsupper front corner and these rest upon a transverse tripping'bar 33supported at one end upon a link 34 pivoted to one side of the frame 16and connected at the other end with a tripping lever 35 mounted onv theother end of said frame. The tripping bar 33 normally rests on the frame16 and the lever 35 is directed rear- 'wardly. By swinging the lever 35upwardly and forwardly,,the bar 33 is swung from under the lugs 32,whereby the pan is freed to swing downwardly, said lugs having theirunder edges curved to permit the bar to easily swing thereunder. In Fig.3 Ihave shown the pan elevated. It will be seen that the frame 16 willbe moved radially and. the arms 20 swung upwardly. When the pan iselevated its lower front edge and upper rear edge will be substantiallyin the same plane and, therefore, the dirt will not be spilledtherefrom, as is clearly shown in This is a very important featurebecause. it enables the pan to be used as a receptacle for conveying theload of dirt to the dumping point and obviates necessity of scraping upthe dirt, loadingthe same into a wagon and driving the wagon to thedumping polnt.

When it is desired to dump the panthe lever 35 is swung upwardly todisengage the 'bar 33 from under the lugs 32, whereby the panimmediately swings downwardly as shown in dotted lines in Fig. 3, anddumps the load. A platform 36 is mounted on the framelO over, the rearaxle 12 and the operator may stand on this platform. A chain or otherflexible connection 37 is attached to the back edge of the pan and bypulling on this chain the-pan may be swung so that the lugs 32 will rideunder and lift the bar 33 and permit the latter to fallon' the frame 16,whereby the lugd will rest upon said bar and the pan will be againfastened into position.

It willbe seen that various means for winding the chains 27 on thedrums30 may be employed and in fact most any suitable means could beused for swinging the frame 16 upwardly. T have employed the chains 27as a matter of convenience, and have found the same very satisfactory.As a means for rotating the shaft 31 I employ a ratchet 38 fastened onthe shaft, a pawl 39 engaging the ratchet and a lever 40 on which thepawl is pivoted, said lever being pivoted on the shaft 31. As is bestshown in Fig. 4, the pawl 39 is attached to a coiledspring 40 mounted onthe lever and acting to hold the pawl in engagement with the teeth ofthe ratchet. A releasing bar 41 is pivoted on the underside of the leverandis connected with the pawl 39 by a rod 42. By swinging the bar 41toward the lever 40, the pawl 39. is pulled out of engagement with theteeth of the ratchet. A hook 43 is carried by the lever 40 for receivingthe ends of the bar 41 and holding. he same, whereby the pawl 39 is heldout of engagement with the ratchet.

It will be seen that by swinging the lever 40 the ratchet wheel 38 willbe revolved and the shaft 31 rotated, whereby the chains 27 will bewound upon the drums 30, but some means for holding the shaft against areverse rotation must be employed when the Y lever 40 is swung upwardlyin its operation. For this purpose I fasten a retaining ratchet wheel 44on the shaft 31 and mount a lever 45 on a stud 46 on the inside of oneof the frame members, forwardly of said shaft. The lever 45 is slottedto receive the ratchet 44 and in its slotted portion is provided withatpivoted pawl 47 which engages the teeth of the ratchet. A pin 48 inthe slot of the lever rests on top of the pawl and thus supports thelever. A weighted arm 49 attached to the hub of the pawl is directedforwardly so as to rest on the .hub of the lever as is clearly shown inFig. 5.

It will be seen that as the shaft 31 is rotated the ratchet 44 will rideunder the pawl 47,. the lever 45 being slightly elevated as each toothof the ratchet passes under the pawl. When it is desired to lower thepan the pawl 39. is disengaged from the ratchet wheel 38 as previouslydescribed, and the lever 45 is swung upwardly. It will be seen that asthe lever 45 is raised the teeth of-t-he ratchet 44 will swing the pawl47 downwardly so that the latter will assume the position shown indotted lines in Fig} 5, the operator lowering the lever 45 before thepawl has an opportunity to again swing upwardly. When the frame 16 andthe pan have been lowered the'operator swings the lever 45 upwardlywhereby the weighted arm 49 swings the pawl 47 to its normal position inengagement with the pin 48, so that whensaid lever is again lowered thepawl will engage the teeth of the ratchet. This arrangement enables oneman to handle the lever in a 'ver effective manner.

It is apparent that this invention permits of many modifications and Ihave illustrated such a modification in Fig. 7, which is designedparticularly for operation of the machine by the driver. Elevatingchains 50 have their lower ends connected directly to the forward edgeof the frame 16 and are wound upon drums 51 mounted on a shaft 52 in theupper portion of the frame. The same lever arrangement is employed ashas been previously described, with the exception that the levers aredirected forwardly instead of rearwardly, otherwise their constructionand operation being exactly the same and a description is not considerednecessary.

Various changes in the size and construction of the parts as well asmodifications may be made without departingfrom the spirit of theinvention.

l/Vhat I claim, is:

1. In an excavating and scraping machine, an arch shaped frame supportedon ground wheels, a swinging frame mounted on the arch frame, asupporting frame pivoted to the arch frame, an excavating and scrapingpan pivoted to the swinging and supporting frames, means for elevatingthe swinging and supporting frames and the pan, whereby the pan istilted to a transporting position, and means for tripping the pan forpermitting the same to swing downwardly to discharge'its load.

2. In an excavating and scraping machine, a wheeled supported mainframe, a swinging frame mounted on the main frame, means for elevatingthe'swinging frame, a pan pivoted in the swinging frame, means forlimiting the downward displacement of the pan, a tripping device for thepan normally holding it in fixed relation to the swingingframe andarranged to release the pan for dumping, and a supporting frame pivotedat one end of the main frame and having pivotal connection at its otherend with the pan and the swinging frame.

3. In an excavating and scraping machine, swinging frame mounted on themain frame, pivoted supports between the swinging frame and the mainframe, a pan pivoted in connected with the swinging a wheeledsupportedmain frame, a

the swinging frame, a holding and releasing device mounted on theswinging frame and engaged by the pan, means for disengaging said devicefrom the pan, and means for elevating the swinging frame in the mainframe, whereby-the pan is elevated for carrying a load.

4. In an excavating and scraping machine, a wheel supported main frame,a swinging frame mounted on the rear of the main frame, a supportingframe pivoted to the front of the main frame frame, a pan pivoted in theswinging frame, lugs on the front edges of the pan, a tripping rodextending across the swinging frame and supand pivotally porting thelugs, means for tripping the rod to disengage it from the lugs fordumping the pan, and means for elevating the swinging and supportingframes and the pan.

5. In an excavating and scraping machine, a wheel supported main frame,a swinging frame mounted on the rear of the main frame, a supportingframe pivoted to the front of the main frame and pivotally connectedwith the swinging frame, a pan pivoted in the swinging frame, lugs onthe front edges of the pan, a tripping rod extending across the swingingframe and supporting the lugs, means for tripping the rod to disengageit ing the pan, means for elevating the swinging and supporting framesand the pan, and

flexible connections extending from the' main frame to the swingingframe for limiting the downward displacement of the swinging frame.

6. In an excavating and scraping machine, a wheel supported main frame,a

from the lugs for dump? swinging frame mounted on the rear of the mainframe, a supporting frame pivoted "to the front of the main frame andplvotally connected with the swinging frame, a pan pivoted in theswinging frame, lugs on the front edges of the pan, a tripping rodextending across the swinging frame and supporting the lugs, means fortripping the rod to disengage it from the lugs for dumping the pan,elevating drums mounted on the main frame, flexible connectionsextending from the drums to the swinging frame, means for rotating thedrums to wind the connection thereon, and retaining means for holdingthe drums against reverse rotation, arranged to release the drums Whendesired.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature.

' MICHAEL COLLINS.

